Treatment of Textile Effluent by the Natural Biological System™
Background: Textile manufacture is among the most water-intensive industries generating wastewater with high amounts of organic and mineral (dissolved solids and metals) contamination along with extreme pH associated with the treatment of the raw material. Furthermore, dyes, which are generally stable organic molecules, are not effectively removed by municipal wastewater treatment. The common removal methods […]
Landfill Leachate treatment and recycling by the Natural Biological System (NBS)
System Design Operating since 2006, the NBS receives wastewater from the landfill leachate, the visitor’s center, and the dump truck washing station. It is designed to treat 40 m3 per The wastewater flows gravitationally through five subsurface ponds, each with different aggregates and plants essential for purification. The retention time (RT) of the sewage in […]
Disinfection by The Portable Natural Biological System – a completely Nature – Based sustainable solution for clean water supply
Abstract: The portable Natural Biological System™ (P-NBS), developed in Israel by Ayala Water & Ecology, is a cost-effective, easy-to-install, stable, energy-free, nature-based solution to purify contaminated water. The PNBS solves freshwater scarcity in rural and remote areas; provides alternatives for sustainable urban development while rapidly providing quality water, meeting strict regulatory demands. The PNBS can […]